Global conflict dynamics have undergone significant transformation in recent decades. Threats to world peace include various factors, including interrelated political, economic and social tensions. Various actors, from large powers to militant groups, contribute to this instability. One of the causes of conflict is competition for natural resources. Countries rich in oil, minerals and water often see heightened tensions. For example, tensions in the Middle East, fueled by oil wealth, resulted in prolonged wars and internal conflicts. Land conversion is also fueling tensions in developing countries, where agriculture that relies on fertile land is threatened by industrialization and urbanization. Economic factors are also a cause of conflict. Economic inequality, both intra-country and between countries, creates dissatisfaction. People who feel marginalized often look for alternatives in the form of protests or even rebellion. A clear example can be seen in the Arab Spring, where demands for social and economic justice sparked significant political change in many countries. Global politics also plays a role in conflict dynamics. International alliances, such as NATO and ASEAN, were formed to protect the interests of their member countries. However, these alliances sometimes actually exacerbate conflicts. When large countries confront each other, small countries often become victims. This can be seen in the Ukraine conflict, where the role of Russia and Western countries adds to the complexity of the situation. Globalization increases the flow of information and people, but also accelerates the spread of extremist ideologies. The birth of terrorist groups with radical doctrines, such as ISIS, shows how ideology can transform into a destructive force. Political and economic instability in one country can spread to other countries, having global impacts. Climate change is also a new threat to world peace. This phenomenon causes natural disasters that have the potential to cause tension. Countries that lack water and food resources due to climate change tend to be more vulnerable to conflict. Migration crises, in which people move from disaster-affected areas, can create tensions in destination countries. Overall, to achieve sustainable peace, a multidimensional approach is needed that approaches the root sources of conflict. Diplomacy, international cooperation and strengthening local institutions are strategic steps in reducing tensions. Facing this dynamic, global awareness and collaboration between nations are very important to create a more peaceful and stable world.